/* ============================================
   English Sprint — v2 redesign
   Light theme · gradients · glassmorphism
   ============================================ */

:root {
  /* Palette */
  --bg: #f7f8fc;
  --bg-grad: radial-gradient(at 20% 0%, #ddd6fe 0px, transparent 50%),
             radial-gradient(at 80% 0%, #fce7f3 0px, transparent 50%),
             radial-gradient(at 50% 100%, #cffafe 0px, transparent 50%);
  --surface: #ffffff;
  --surface-soft: #f1f5f9;
  --surface-glass: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
  --border: #e2e8f0;
  --border-soft: #eef2f7;

  --text: #0f172a;
  --text-soft: #334155;
  --text-dim: #64748b;
  --text-faint: #94a3b8;

  --primary: #6366f1;
  --primary-dark: #4f46e5;
  --pink: #ec4899;
  --cyan: #06b6d4;
  --emerald: #10b981;
  --amber: #f59e0b;
  --rose: #f43f5e;

  --grad-1: linear-gradient(135deg, #6366f1 0%, #8b5cf6 50%, #ec4899 100%);
  --grad-2: linear-gradient(135deg, #06b6d4 0%, #6366f1 100%);
  --grad-3: linear-gradient(135deg, #f59e0b 0%, #ec4899 100%);

  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06), 0 1px 4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-lg: 0 12px 32px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 4px 12px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-xl: 0 24px 48px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12), 0 8px 16px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);

  --r-sm: 8px;
  --r: 14px;
  --r-lg: 22px;
  --r-xl: 28px;

  --t: cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1);

  --max: 1240px;
  --sidebar: 280px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; overflow-x: hidden; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "SF Pro Text", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text);
  background: var(--bg);
  background-image: var(--bg-grad);
  background-attachment: fixed;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  width: 100%;
}
a { color: var(--primary-dark); text-decoration: none; transition: color .15s var(--t); }
a:hover { color: var(--pink); }

img, svg { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

/* ============================================
   TOPBAR · sticky glass
   ============================================ */
.topbar {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50;
  background: var(--surface-glass);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
}
.topbar-inner {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  display: flex; align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
}
.brand {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
  font-weight: 800; font-size: 17px;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--text);
  white-space: nowrap;
  margin-left: auto;
}
.brand a { color: inherit; }
.brand-text { display: inline; }
.brand-logo {
  width: 32px; height: 32px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: var(--grad-1);
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 900;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.3);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* Hamburger — always visible, leftmost */
.menu-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  cursor: pointer;
  width: 40px; height: 40px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: var(--text);
  align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: background .12s, transform .12s;
}
.menu-toggle:hover { background: var(--border-soft); transform: scale(1.05); }
.menu-toggle:active { transform: scale(0.95); }

/* Topbar search */
.topbar-search {
  position: relative;
  flex: 1;
  max-width: 420px;
  margin: 0 auto 0 8px;
}
.topbar-search input {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 10px 14px 10px 38px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: inherit;
  transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s, background .15s;
}
.topbar-search input:focus {
  outline: none;
  background: var(--surface);
  border-color: var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.15);
}
.topbar-search input::placeholder { color: var(--text-faint); }
.topbar-search .search-icon {
  position: absolute; left: 12px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%);
  color: var(--text-faint);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.search-dropdown {
  position: absolute; top: calc(100% + 8px); left: 0; right: 0;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
  max-height: 440px;
  overflow-y: auto;
  z-index: 60;
}
.search-dropdown ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 6px; }
.search-dropdown li a {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.search-dropdown li a:hover { background: var(--surface-soft); }
.search-dropdown .sr-em { font-size: 22px; flex-shrink: 0; }
.search-dropdown .sr-text { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.search-dropdown .sr-title {
  font-weight: 600; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--text);
  white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.search-dropdown .sr-sub {
  font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--text-dim);
  white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.search-dropdown .sr-chip {
  font-size: 10.5px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.search-dropdown .sr-chip-section {
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  background: rgba(99,102,241,0.1);
}
.search-dropdown .sr-chip-phrase {
  color: #047857;
  background: rgba(16,185,129,0.12);
}
.search-dropdown mark {
  background: rgba(245,158,11,0.25);
  color: inherit;
  padding: 0 2px;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
.search-dropdown .search-empty {
  padding: 20px;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  font-size: 14px;
}

/* Topbar CTA */
.topbar-cta {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center;
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 14px;
  padding: 9px 16px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: all .15s var(--t);
}
.topbar-cta:hover {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: #fff;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Side drawer (left slide-in) */
.drawer-overlay {
  position: fixed; inset: 0;
  background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.45);
  backdrop-filter: blur(2px);
  z-index: 90;
  opacity: 0; pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity .25s var(--t);
}
.drawer-overlay.open { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; }

.side-drawer {
  position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;
  width: 320px; max-width: 86vw;
  background: var(--surface);
  z-index: 100;
  transform: translateX(-110%);
  transition: transform .3s var(--t);
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  box-shadow: 8px 0 32px rgba(15,23,42,0.18);
}
.side-drawer.open { transform: translateX(0); }
.drawer-header {
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 16px 20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
}
.drawer-close {
  background: var(--surface-soft); border: none; cursor: pointer;
  width: 36px; height: 36px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  font-size: 22px; line-height: 1;
  color: var(--text);
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  transition: background .12s;
}
.drawer-close:hover { background: var(--border-soft); }
.drawer-nav {
  flex: 1;
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 12px 0 20px;
}
.drawer-link {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background .12s, color .12s, padding-left .12s;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
}
.drawer-link:hover {
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  border-left-color: var(--primary);
  padding-left: 22px;
}
.drawer-em { font-size: 22px; }
.drawer-section {
  font-size: 11.5px; font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  padding: 18px 20px 8px;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

body.no-scroll { overflow: hidden; }

/* Drawer "recenti" + grammar table styling */
.drawer-recent:empty { display: none; }
.drawer-recent .drawer-link .visit-pulse {
  width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--emerald); margin-left: auto;
}

/* Grammar tables */
.gtable {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: separate;
  border-spacing: 0;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  font-size: 14.5px;
}
.gtable th, .gtable td {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  text-align: left;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
}
.gtable thead th {
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-dim);
}
.gtable tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.gtable tbody tr:hover { background: rgba(99,102,241,0.04); }
.gtable code, code.kw {
  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, monospace;
  background: rgba(99,102,241,0.08);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  padding: 1px 6px;
  border-radius: 5px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
}

/* Speak button (TTS pronunciation) */
.speak-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  vertical-align: middle;
  width: 28px; height: 28px;
  margin-left: 8px;
  padding: 0;
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  transition: all .15s var(--t);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  font-family: inherit;
}
.speak-btn:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--primary);
  transform: scale(1.08);
}
.speak-btn:active { transform: scale(0.96); }
.speak-btn.playing {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--primary);
  animation: pulseSpeak 1.1s ease-in-out infinite;
}
.speak-btn svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; pointer-events: none; }
@keyframes pulseSpeak {
  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(99,102,241,0.55); }
  50%      { box-shadow: 0 0 0 8px rgba(99,102,241,0); }
}

/* Speed controls in topbar */
.tts-toggle {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  cursor: pointer;
  width: 40px; height: 40px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: var(--text);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: background .12s, transform .12s;
  font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700;
  font-family: inherit;
}
.tts-toggle:hover { background: var(--border-soft); }
.tts-toggle.slow { background: var(--primary); color: #fff; border-color: var(--primary); }

/* Hide speak button on phrases that are pure definitions (e.g. UK slang single words) — actually keep, removed rule */

/* Email example block */
.email-example {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--r);
  padding: 18px 22px;
  margin: 20px 0;
  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, monospace;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text-soft);
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--primary);
}
.email-example .subj {
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  display: block;
}

/* ============================================
   HOME · Hero
   ============================================ */
.hero {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 80px 24px 40px;
  text-align: center;
}
.hero-text p.lead { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
.hero-actions { justify-content: center; }
.hero-text h1 {
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5.5vw, 64px);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  margin: 14px 0 18px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--text);
}
.hero-text h1 .grad {
  background: var(--grad-1);
  -webkit-background-clip: text; background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  display: inline-block;
}
.hero-text p.lead {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  max-width: 560px;
  margin: 0 auto 32px;
  text-align: center;
}
.hero-badge {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-soft);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.hero-badge .dot {
  width: 8px; height: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--emerald);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.18);
}
.hero-actions {
  display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
  padding: 13px 22px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 15px;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all .2s var(--t);
}
.btn-primary {
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
}
.btn-primary:hover {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: #fff;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(79, 70, 229, 0.3);
}
.btn-ghost {
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--text);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.btn-ghost:hover {
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  color: var(--text);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Hero illustration container */
.hero-art {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  max-width: 460px;
  margin-left: auto;
}
.hero-art .blob {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: var(--grad-1);
  border-radius: 42% 58% 60% 40% / 50% 45% 55% 50%;
  filter: blur(2px);
  opacity: 0.18;
  animation: blob 18s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}
.hero-art .blob.b2 {
  background: var(--grad-2);
  border-radius: 60% 40% 35% 65% / 55% 60% 40% 45%;
  inset: 30px;
  opacity: 0.22;
  animation-duration: 22s;
  animation-direction: alternate-reverse;
}
@keyframes blob {
  0%   { border-radius: 42% 58% 60% 40% / 50% 45% 55% 50%; }
  50%  { border-radius: 55% 45% 40% 60% / 60% 55% 45% 40%; }
  100% { border-radius: 38% 62% 65% 35% / 48% 52% 48% 52%; }
}
.hero-art .center-emoji {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  font-size: clamp(80px, 14vw, 160px);
  filter: drop-shadow(0 8px 24px rgba(15,23,42,0.15));
  animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}
@keyframes float {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
  50% { transform: translateY(-12px); }
}
.hero-art .floating-card {
  position: absolute;
  background: var(--surface);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
}
.hero-art .floating-card.f1 { top: 10%; left: -10%; animation: float 7s ease-in-out infinite; }
.hero-art .floating-card.f2 { top: 35%; right: -10%; animation: float 8s ease-in-out infinite reverse; }
.hero-art .floating-card.f3 { bottom: 12%; left: 5%; animation: float 9s ease-in-out infinite; }
.hero-art .floating-card .em { font-size: 20px; }

/* Stats strip */
.stats-strip {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 20px auto 60px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
}
.stat {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r);
  padding: 22px 20px;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.stat .num {
  font-size: 30px; font-weight: 800;
  background: var(--grad-1);
  -webkit-background-clip: text; background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.stat .lbl { font-size: 13px; color: var(--text-dim); margin-top: 2px; }

/* Section heading */
.section {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 60px 24px;
}
.section-head {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 44px;
}
.section-head .kicker {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.section-head h2 {
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.6vw, 38px);
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  font-weight: 800;
}
.section-head p {
  color: var(--text-dim);
  font-size: 17px;
  max-width: 580px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* ============================================
   GUIDE CARDS GRID
   ============================================ */
.cards-toolbar {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto 28px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  display: flex; gap: 12px; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.search-box {
  flex: 1 1 280px;
  position: relative;
}
.search-box input {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 12px 16px 12px 44px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: var(--surface);
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s;
  font-family: inherit;
}
.search-box input:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.15);
}
.search-box svg {
  position: absolute; left: 14px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%);
  color: var(--text-faint);
}
.filter-chips {
  display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.chip {
  padding: 8px 14px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-soft);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all .15s var(--t);
}
.chip:hover { background: var(--surface-soft); }
.chip.active {
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--text);
}

.grid {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(290px, 1fr));
  gap: 22px;
}
.card {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  padding: 0;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform .25s var(--t), box-shadow .25s var(--t), border-color .15s;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  position: relative;
}
.card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
  border-color: var(--primary);
}
.card-art {
  height: 120px;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  font-size: 56px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.card-art::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 30%, rgba(255,255,255,0.4), transparent);
}
.card-art .em {
  position: relative; z-index: 1;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.15));
}
/* per-card gradient backgrounds */
.card.travel  .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #60a5fa, #6366f1); }
.card.work    .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #34d399, #10b981); }
.card.call    .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24, #f59e0b); }
.card.hotel   .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f472b6, #ec4899); }
.card.food    .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fb923c, #f43f5e); }
.card.daily   .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #a78bfa, #8b5cf6); }
.card.uk       .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3a8a, #be123c); }
.card.us       .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e40af, #b91c1c); }
.card.grammar1 .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #22d3ee, #6366f1); }
.card.grammar2 .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #34d399, #14b8a6); }
.card.grammar3 .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c084fc, #ec4899); }
.card.grammar4 .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24, #f97316); }
.card.grammar5 .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #38bdf8, #0ea5e9); }
.card.health   .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fb7185, #e11d48); }
.card.mistake  .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24, #dc2626); }
.card.pronoun  .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2dd4bf, #6366f1); }
.card.interview .card-art { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fde047, #16a34a); }

.card-body {
  padding: 22px 24px 26px;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  flex: 1;
}
.card-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 11.5px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 19px;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--text);
}
.card p {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  font-size: 14.5px;
  flex: 1;
}
.card .arrow {
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 14px;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
}
.card:hover .arrow { color: var(--pink); }

/* ============================================
   GUIDE PAGE · sidebar layout
   ============================================ */
.guide-layout {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 30px 24px 60px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: var(--sidebar) 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
}

/* Sidebar */
.sidebar {
  position: sticky; top: 80px;
  align-self: start;
  height: max-content;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 100px);
  overflow-y: auto;
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r-lg);
  padding: 22px 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.sidebar h4 {
  font-size: 11.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin: 0 22px 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
}
.sidebar nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
}
.sidebar nav a {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
  padding: 9px 22px;
  font-size: 14.5px;
  color: var(--text-soft);
  font-weight: 500;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  margin: 1px 0;
  transition: all .12s var(--t);
}
.sidebar nav a:hover {
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  color: var(--text);
}
.sidebar nav a.active {
  border-left-color: var(--primary);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(99,102,241,0.08), transparent);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.sidebar .em-mini { font-size: 16px; }
.sidebar .other-guides {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  margin-top: 18px;
  padding-top: 18px;
}

/* Guide content */
.guide {
  min-width: 0;
}
.guide-hero {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r-xl);
  padding: 36px 38px;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 28px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.guide-hero::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 100% 0%, rgba(99,102,241,0.08), transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.guide-hero-emoji {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 96px; height: 96px;
  border-radius: 24px;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  font-size: 56px;
  background: var(--grad-1);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(99,102,241,0.25);
  position: relative; z-index: 1;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1));
}
.guide-hero-emoji .em {
  filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.2));
}
/* per-page hero gradients */
.guide-hero[data-theme="travel"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #60a5fa, #6366f1); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(99,102,241,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="work"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #34d399, #10b981); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(16,185,129,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="call"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24, #f59e0b); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(245,158,11,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="hotel"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f472b6, #ec4899); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(236,72,153,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="food"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fb923c, #f43f5e); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(244,63,94,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="daily"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #a78bfa, #8b5cf6); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(139,92,246,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="uk"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3a8a, #be123c); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(190,18,60,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="us"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e40af, #b91c1c); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(185,28,28,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="grammar1"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #22d3ee, #6366f1); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(99,102,241,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="grammar2"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #34d399, #14b8a6); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(20,184,166,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="grammar3"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c084fc, #ec4899); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(236,72,153,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="grammar4"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24, #f97316); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(249,115,22,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="grammar5"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #38bdf8, #0ea5e9); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(14,165,233,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="health"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fb7185, #e11d48); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(225,29,72,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="mistake"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24, #dc2626); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(220,38,38,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="pronoun"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2dd4bf, #6366f1); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(45,212,191,0.25); }
.guide-hero[data-theme="interview"] .guide-hero-emoji { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fde047, #16a34a); box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(22,163,74,0.25); }

.guide-hero-text { flex: 1; min-width: 0; position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.guide-hero h1 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 38px);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  font-weight: 800;
}
.guide-hero p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  font-size: 16.5px;
  max-width: 580px;
}
.breadcrumb {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-faint);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
}
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--text-dim); }
.breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--primary-dark); }

.guide h2 {
  font-size: 26px;
  margin: 50px 0 20px;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  scroll-margin-top: 84px;
  font-weight: 700;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
}
.guide h2::before {
  content: ""; flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 6px; height: 26px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: var(--grad-1);
}
.guide p { color: var(--text-soft); }
.guide .muted { color: var(--text-dim); font-size: 14.5px; }

/* Phrase items */
.phrases {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
}
.phrases li {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--r);
  padding: 16px 20px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 4px;
  position: relative;
  transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s, transform .15s var(--t);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.phrases li:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  transform: translateX(2px);
}
.phrases li::before {
  content: "EN";
  position: absolute;
  top: 14px; right: 16px;
  font-size: 9.5px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--primary);
  padding: 2px 7px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.phrases .en {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--text);
  padding-right: 36px;
}
.phrases .it {
  color: var(--text-dim);
  font-size: 14.5px;
  display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 6px;
}
.phrases .it::before {
  content: "IT";
  font-size: 9.5px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  background: var(--surface-soft);
  padding: 2px 7px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin-top: 2px;
}
.phrases .pron {
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, monospace;
  margin-top: 6px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  background: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.06);
  border-radius: 8px;
  display: inline-block;
}

/* Tip & warn boxes */
.tip, .warn {
  border-radius: var(--r);
  padding: 18px 22px 18px 56px;
  margin: 28px 0;
  position: relative;
  border: 1px solid;
  font-size: 14.5px;
}
.tip {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(99,102,241,0.06), rgba(236,72,153,0.04));
  border-color: rgba(99,102,241,0.2);
  color: var(--text-soft);
}
.tip::before {
  content: "💡"; position: absolute;
  top: 16px; left: 18px;
  font-size: 22px;
}
.tip strong { color: var(--primary-dark); }

.warn {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(245,158,11,0.08), rgba(244,63,94,0.04));
  border-color: rgba(245,158,11,0.25);
  color: var(--text-soft);
}
.warn::before {
  content: "⚠️"; position: absolute;
  top: 16px; left: 18px;
  font-size: 22px;
}
.warn strong { color: var(--amber); }

/* Guide nav (next/prev) */
.guide-nav {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 60px;
  padding-top: 36px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.guide-nav a {
  background: var(--surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--r);
  padding: 16px 20px;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px;
  transition: all .15s var(--t);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.guide-nav a:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.guide-nav .label {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-faint);
}
.guide-nav .title {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 15.5px;
  color: var(--text);
}
.guide-nav .next { text-align: right; }

/* Reading progress bar */
.progress-bar {
  position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--grad-1);
  z-index: 100;
  width: 0;
  transition: width .1s linear;
}

/* Back to top */
.back-top {
  position: fixed; bottom: 24px; right: 24px;
  width: 44px; height: 44px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  opacity: 0; pointer-events: none;
  transform: translateY(10px);
  transition: all .25s var(--t);
  z-index: 40;
}
.back-top.show {
  opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
.back-top:hover { background: var(--primary-dark); }

/* ============================================
   FOOTER
   ============================================ */
footer.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  margin-top: 80px;
  padding: 40px 24px;
  background: var(--surface);
}
.footer-inner {
  max-width: var(--max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 18px;
  color: var(--text-dim);
  font-size: 14px;
}
.footer-inner .footer-brand {
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text);
}
.footer-inner .footer-links {
  display: flex; gap: 18px; flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.footer-inner a { color: var(--text-dim); }
.footer-inner a:hover { color: var(--primary-dark); }

/* ============================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================ */
/* ============================================
   RESPONSIVE — tablet
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    padding: 50px 24px 30px;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 40px;
  }
  .hero-text p.lead { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
  .hero-actions { justify-content: center; }
  .hero-art { margin: 0 auto; max-width: 300px; overflow: visible; }
  .stats-strip { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }

  /* Guide layout: stack + reorder so article comes FIRST */
  .guide-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 24px;
    padding: 20px 16px 50px;
  }
  .guide-layout > .guide { order: 1; }
  .guide-layout > .sidebar { order: 2; }

  /* Sidebar becomes a compact recap card at the bottom */
  .sidebar {
    position: static;
    top: auto;
    max-height: none;
    padding: 18px 0;
  }
  .sidebar h4 { margin: 0 18px 10px; }
  .sidebar nav a { padding: 10px 18px; font-size: 14px; }
  .sidebar nav a.active { border-left-color: transparent; background: rgba(99,102,241,0.06); }
  /* Hide "Altre guide" on mobile — already in guide-nav at bottom of article */
  .sidebar .other-guides { display: none; }
}

/* ============================================
   RESPONSIVE — mobile
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .topbar-inner { padding: 10px 14px; gap: 10px; }
  .topbar-cta { display: none; }
  .topbar-search { max-width: none; margin: 0; }
  .topbar-search input { padding: 9px 12px 9px 34px; font-size: 13.5px; }

  /* Hero — clip art container, hide outer floating cards */
  .hero { padding: 36px 16px 16px; gap: 28px; }
  .hero-text h1 { font-size: clamp(34px, 9vw, 48px); }
  .hero-text p.lead { font-size: 16px; }
  .hero-art { max-width: 240px; aspect-ratio: 1/1; overflow: visible; }
  .hero-art .center-emoji { font-size: clamp(72px, 22vw, 110px); }
  .hero-art .floating-card {
    font-size: 12px;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
  .hero-art .floating-card .em { font-size: 16px; }
  .hero-art .floating-card.f1 { left: -8%; top: 5%; }
  .hero-art .floating-card.f2 { right: -8%; top: 38%; }
  .hero-art .floating-card.f3 { left: 0; bottom: 8%; }

  /* Stats — 2 cols, tighter */
  .stats-strip {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 10px;
    padding: 0 16px;
    margin: 8px auto 36px;
  }
  .stat { padding: 16px 12px; }
  .stat .num { font-size: 24px; }

  /* Section padding */
  .section { padding: 36px 16px; }
  .section-head { margin-bottom: 28px; }
  .section-head h2 { font-size: 26px; }
  .section-head p { font-size: 15px; }

  /* Toolbar / search / chips */
  .cards-toolbar { padding: 0 16px; gap: 10px; }
  .filter-chips { gap: 6px; }
  .chip { padding: 7px 12px; font-size: 13px; }

  /* Cards grid — 1 col, tighter */
  .grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 14px;
    padding: 0 16px;
  }
  .card { border-radius: 18px; }
  .card-art { height: 100px; font-size: 48px; }
  .card-body { padding: 18px 20px 20px; }
  .card h3 { font-size: 17.5px; }

  /* Guide page */
  .guide-hero {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 26px 20px;
    gap: 18px;
    border-radius: 22px;
  }
  .guide-hero-emoji { width: 76px; height: 76px; font-size: 42px; border-radius: 20px; }
  .guide-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(24px, 6.5vw, 30px); }
  .guide-hero p { font-size: 15px; }

  .guide h2 { font-size: 22px; margin: 36px 0 14px; }
  .guide h2::before { width: 5px; height: 22px; }

  /* Phrase items — tidier on mobile */
  .phrases li { padding: 14px 16px; }
  .phrases li::before { display: none; }
  .phrases .en { padding-right: 0; font-size: 15px; }
  .phrases .it { font-size: 13.5px; }
  .phrases .it::before { display: none; }
  .phrases .pron { font-size: 12px; padding: 6px 10px; }

  /* Tip / warn */
  .tip, .warn { padding: 14px 16px 14px 46px; font-size: 14px; margin: 22px 0; }
  .tip::before, .warn::before { top: 12px; left: 14px; font-size: 18px; }

  /* Guide nav prev/next — single column */
  .guide-nav {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    margin-top: 40px;
    padding-top: 28px;
  }
  .guide-nav .next { text-align: left; }

  /* Footer */
  footer.site-footer { padding: 28px 16px; }
  .footer-inner { flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; text-align: center; }

  /* Back-to-top tighter */
  .back-top { width: 40px; height: 40px; bottom: 16px; right: 16px; }
}

/* Extra-small screens */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .hero-art { max-width: 220px; }
  .hero-art .center-emoji { font-size: clamp(64px, 26vw, 96px); }
  .topbar-inner { padding: 9px 12px; gap: 8px; }
  .brand { font-size: 16px; }
  .brand-logo { width: 30px; height: 30px; font-size: 14px; }
  /* Hide brand text below 480px to give the search bar more room */
  .brand-text { display: none; }
  .topbar-search input { padding: 8px 10px 8px 32px; }
}