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I verbi inglesi più usati

Una manciata di verbi copre quasi tutto quello che dici ogni giorno. Qui i 50 più frequenti, con esempi reali e tutte le forme che ti servono.

I 5 essenziali (be, have, do, get, go)

Questi 5 verbi compaiono in più di un terzo di tutte le frasi inglesi. Padroneggiarli = capire metà di quello che senti.

to be — essere/staream/is/are · was/were · been. "I am happy. She is here. They were tired."
to have — averehave/has · had · had. "I have a question. She had lunch."
to do — faredo/does · did · done. Anche ausiliare per domande/negazioni: "Do you know?"
to get — ottenere, diventare, arrivareget/gets · got · got/gotten. Verbo "tuttofare": "I got a present. I'm getting tired. We got home late."
to go — andarego/goes · went · gone. "Where are you going? I went home."

Verbi di azione comuni

to make — fare/creare (qualcosa di nuovo)make/made/made. "Make a cake. Make a decision. Make a mistake."
to take — prenderetake/took/taken. "Take a seat. Take a photo. It takes time."
to give — daregive/gave/given. "Give me a minute. She gave him a gift."
to use — usareuse/used/used. "Can I use your phone?"
to find — trovarefind/found/found. "I can't find my keys."
to put — mettereput/put/put (irregolare invariabile). "Put it on the table."
to bring — portare (verso chi parla)bring/brought/brought. "Bring me a glass of water."
to keep — mantenere/tenerekeep/kept/kept. "Keep going. Keep the change."
to leave — lasciare, partireleave/left/left. "I leave at 8. She left her bag."
to start — iniziarestart/started/started (regolare). "It starts at 9."

Make vs Do: make = creare qualcosa di nuovo (make a plan, make food). do = compiere un'azione/lavoro (do homework, do the dishes). C'è una logica ma molte combinazioni vanno imparate a memoria.

Pensare, sapere, parlare

to think — pensarethink/thought/thought. "I think so. What do you think?"
to know — sapere/conoscereknow/knew/known. "I know him. I don't know."
to say — dire (cosa)say/said/said. "He said yes. What did you say?"
to tell — dire (a qualcuno)tell/told/told. "Tell me. She told him the truth."
to ask — chiedereask/asked/asked. "Ask the waiter. He asked for help."
to mean — significare/intenderemean/meant/meant. "What do you mean?"
to understand — capireunderstand/understood. "I don't understand."
to remember — ricordareremember/remembered. "I don't remember her name."
to forget — dimenticareforget/forgot/forgotten. "Don't forget your keys!"
to learn — impararelearn/learned (US) / learnt (UK). "I'm learning English."

Say vs Tell: say non vuole l'oggetto persona diretto ("He said hello"). tell sì ("He told me"). NON: "He said me".

Movimento e percezione

to come — venirecome/came/come. "Come here. He came late."
to walk — camminarewalk/walked. "I walk to work."
to run — correre / gestirerun/ran/run. "I run every morning. She runs a company."
to drive — guidaredrive/drove/driven. "I drive to work."
to fly — volarefly/flew/flown. "We fly tomorrow."
to see — vederesee/saw/seen. "I see what you mean."
to look (at) — guardarelook/looked. "Look at this!"
to watch — guardare (TV, film, sport)watch/watched. "I'm watching TV."
to hear — sentire (suoni)hear/heard/heard. "I can't hear you."
to listen (to) — ascoltarelisten/listened. "I'm listening to music."

See / look / watch: see = vedere passivamente. look = guardare attivamente verso qualcosa. watch = guardare per un periodo (TV, eventi, partite).

Verbi quotidiani

to eat — mangiareeat/ate/eaten. "Did you eat?"
to drink — beredrink/drank/drunk. "What are you drinking?"
to sleep — dormiresleep/slept/slept. "I slept eight hours."
to wake up — svegliarsiwake/woke/woken (phrasal). "I wake up at 7."
to work — lavorare / funzionarework/worked. "It doesn't work!"
to live — viverelive/lived. "I live in Milan."
to read — leggereread/read/read (pron. red al past). "I read every night."
to write — scriverewrite/wrote/written. "Write your name here."
to buy — comprarebuy/bought/bought. "I bought a new phone."
to pay — pagarepay/paid/paid. "I'll pay."

Emozioni e stato

to feel — sentirsi/provarefeel/felt/felt. "I feel tired. How do you feel?"
to like — piacere (a me)like/liked. "I like coffee." (il soggetto è chi prova il sentimento)
to love — amare/adorarelove/loved. "I love this song!"
to hate — odiarehate/hated. "I hate Mondays."
to want — volerewant/wanted. "I want to go home."
to need — avere bisognoneed/needed. "I need help."
to wish — desiderare/augurarsiwish/wished. "I wish I could fly."
to hope — sperarehope/hoped. "I hope so."
to enjoy — godersi/divertirsienjoy/enjoyed. "Enjoy your meal!"
to miss — mancare/perderemiss/missed. "I miss you. I missed the bus."

Falso amico: "I miss you" NON è "ti perdo" — è "mi manchi". In italiano il soggetto è invertito.

Cambio, accadimento, conclusione

to become — diventarebecome/became/become. "He became famous."
to change — cambiarechange/changed. "Things change."
to grow — cresceregrow/grew/grown. "Kids grow fast."
to happen — succederehappen/happened. "What happened?"
to try — provare/cercare ditry/tried. "I tried to call you."
to help — aiutarehelp/helped. "Can you help me?"
to stop — fermare/smetterestop/stopped. "Stop it!"
to finish — finirefinish/finished. "I finished the book."
to win — vincerewin/won/won. "We won!"
to lose — perderelose/lost/lost. "Don't lose hope."